gessn er



(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 1.

B. GESSNER.

RING SPINNING MACHINE.

Patented Aug. 27, 1889.

W/T/VESSZ'S ATTOR/VfYS N. PETERS. Fhugu-Lllhbgnpher. Washmgiun, 01C.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

E. GESSNER. RING SPINNING MAOHINE.

No. 409,957. Patented Aug. 27, 1889 A I //VV[A/7 0R I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ERNST GESSNER,'OF AUE, SAXONY, GERMANY.

RING-SPINNING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 409,957, dated August 27, 1889.

Application filed January 2, 1889. Serial No. 295,136. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ERNST GEsSNER, of Aue, Saxony, Germany, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Ring-Spinning Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has relation to rin g-spin 11in g machinery whose general features are a driven spindle and a traveler rotated by the strain of the thread seated on and carried up and down by a ring, the winding being accomplished by the difference in speed between the spindle and the winder lagging behind.

Among the various systems of spinning machinery ring-frames are prominent with regard to a high production and simplicity.

However, they are not equally well adapted for spinning all the different kinds of yarn, their use being limited to the production of hard-twisted or the finer grades of yarn of a good material.

The present invention has for its object to adapt this class of spinning-machines to yarns of feeble strength. Its main features are a spindle and a winder arranged in frictional contact with each other, the winder embracing the spindle above the cop, so that the winder is not only rotated by the strain of the thread, but also by friction from the spindles, whereby the tension of the thread is diminished or relieved to a certain extent, which enables any and even the softest kinds of yarn of short or poor material to be spun on the bare spindle.

Figures 1 and 2 show vertical sections of two different winders wit-h part of a spindle. Fig. 3 shows a transverse section of Fig. 2 in a ground plan on line x 00. Fig. 4c shows an elevation and Fig. 5 the ground plan of another modification of a winder. Fig. 6 shows a vertical section and Fig. 7 the ground plan of a winder, in connection with a brake and part of a spindle. Fig. 8 shows a detail. Fig. 9 shows the ground plan of a winder, and Fig. 10 shows a side elevation of the windingon mechanism with the copping-rail in a raised position.

Referring to Fig. 1, the winder consists of a thread-guide L, seated on a ring R, like the travelers in ring-frames, an intermediate part in the shape of a straight arm L connecting the said thread-guide with the friction-socket L which is loosely fitted on the spindle S above the cop K. The spindle is preferably made longer than usual, to adapt it to receive the socket L and allow it to move up and down thereon in winding on the yarn. The friction-socket has fixed to it a ring E, through which the thread passes to prevent ballooning.

In order to prevent a one-sided strain at the spindle, a counterpoise G (shown in dotted lines) may be secured to the socket L opposite to'the arm L. The spindle has a cylindrical shape to secure uniforinity of its contact with the friction-socket L The ring R is fixed on the ring-rail WV, which is carried up and down in the usual manner.

Fig. 2 shows a spindle of a conical shape and a winder for spinning on bobbins, consisting of the thread-guide L, an intermediate or connecting arm L, and a friction-socket L loosely fitting on an auxiliary intermediate tube or sleeve L which is formed with a rim M and M at its upper and lower ends, holding the socket L between. The sleeve L e11- circles the spindle and carries a spiral spring D on its inner face. (See Fig. 8.) The said spring is formed with an angle or key V, and the spindle has a longitudinal groove N, in which the said angle or key slides, so that the sleeve L is rotated with the spindle, and is also free .to move vertically. Friction is thus imparted from the spindle to the Winder through the auxiliary sleeve L The socket has a projecting flange B seated on a plate W, connected with the'coppingrail WV, the socket L with the sleeve L being held within an opening T in the said plate. The flange B has an opening Q with an outlet, and the opening T has a corresponding outlet, as more especially shown in Figs. 7, 8, and 9, to allow the thread to enter from without into the opening Q, so as to pass around the spindle. By passing through the opening Q the thread is prevented from ballooning on being expanded by centrifugal action.

A ring R is secured to the copping-rail WV, to prevent the arm L from being expanded by centrifugal action, the said arm sliding around on the inner face of the ring R.

The outer surface of the sleeve L may as well be conical or form ed like a ring, and the surface of the winder, being in contact with and deriving friction from the same, may have a corresponding form.

Referring now to Figs. (5 and 7, the intermediate arm L carries the thread-guide L, and is fixed to the friction-socket L", which is provided with a slotted flange B, seated at one side (see Fig. 7) on a small plate A, which rests on the plate \V', connected with the copping-rail W. The plate W has an opening T with an outlet to allow the thread to enter from without into a slot or opening Q in the flange B, so as to pass round the spindle in the same way as shown in Fig. 2. A spring 0, secured to..a rail U and rendered adjustable by means of a bolt y and nut w, holds the flange B down on one side upon the small plate A, so "that the said flange is held one-sided between the small plateA and the spring 0, and the socket L I fitting loosely and having some play on thespindle, is free to assume a slanting position I The spring 0, when pressed against the flange B, serves as a brake to the winder for regulating the tension of the thread. 1 The rail U is connected with the copping-rail j on the spindle.

W by a hinge C, by means of which the rail U may be adjusted to simultaneously in-' crease or lessen the pressure of the springs 0 against the flanges B of all the winders employed in the machine.

The action of the friction and tension of the thread in spinning and winding is as follows: The winding is accomplished by the difference in speed between the spindle and the winder. The friction-socket fitting loosely and having some play on the spindle, there is little or no effect obtained by friction as long as the friction-socket is not pressed against the spindle by a one-sided strain from without. The strain of the thread tends to draw the thread-guide toward the spindle, thus causing a one-sided strain at the frictionsocket and consequentlyan increase of friction between the said socket and the spindle. Owing to this increase of friction the velocity of the winder increases as well, so that the difference in speed between the spindle and winder is lessened, and in consequence thereof a less amount of thread will be wound onto the spindle, whereby the thread loses its tension. I The thread being thus slackened, it releases the thread-guide and allows it to go away from the spindle, whereby the friction of the socket ceases to act, and consequently the speed of the winder is reduced, which causes the slackened thread to be wound on the spindle until tension arises again, as before, which tension, drawing the thread-guide again toward the spindle, repeats the same process. Thus the reciprocal actions of the friction and of the tension of the thread cause the thread-guide to move toward and away from the spindle almost in an oscillatory manner, and the tension of the thread is thus automatically regulated during the spinning The centrifugal action gives the arm L a tendency to bend outwardly, which proves detrimental to the action of the friction and tension of the thread in spinning and winding. In order to check this influence of centrifugal action, the arm L is made as light as possible and in a pointed or conic shape, or it may have a counter-weight, as shown in Fig. 1; or it is so constructed and the disposition of its weight is such as to have the center of its gravity placed near to the axis of the spindle, or on the opposite side of the spindle from the thread-guide, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. In this modification the winder consists of a friction socket L provided with a flange B, and bowed arm L, pivotally attached to said flange by hinges H, and carrying the thread-guide L.

Owing to the shape and distribution of weight, the weighty part of arm L is on the opposite side of the spindle from the threadguide and tends to move away from the spindle by centrifugal action, so that the threadguide bears against the spindle or cop, accommodating itself to the shape of the cop at the opposite side, whereby friction arises between the thread-guide and the spun yarn, besides the friction obtained between the friction-socket L and the spindle. The same effect may be attained if the arm L be constructed as a spring fixed to flange B and rendered pliable so as to bear against the spun yarn by its own elasticity.

The friction-socket L fits loosely on the spindle, so that friction arises bya one-sided strain from without caused by the strain of the thread acting upon the thread-guide L in the direction of a tangent to the circle of the spindle or cop.

Fig. 9 shows the ground plan of a winder, consisting of a friction-socketL ,with a flange B, having an opening Q, and a crooked arm L, carrying the thread-guide and pivotally attached to the socket L upon an axis parallel to the axis of the spindle by a hinge H, the said arm turning round its pivot horizontally in a plane at right angles to the spindle, as shown in dotted lines, (see L so as to bear against the spindle or cop by the strain of the thread. Friction arises between the socket L and spindle by the strain of the thread acting upon the thread-guide in the direction of a tangent to the spindle or cop.

As the winders embrace the spindles above the cops or bobbins, it is impossible to doff the full cops without having lifted the winders off the spindles before. Besides, it is impossible to start the new cops in the ordinary way as accomplished in ring-spinning machinery. Therefore an especial device is necessary to be applied to the machine, by which the copping-rail, with the winders, is lifted off the spindles previously to doffing and a new arrangement provided whose functions are. to draw a supply of yarn off the full cops and to wind the said supply onto the spindles below the cops to start with. V

Referring now to Fig. 10, which shows the winding-on mechanism, with the various positions of the faller-wires, G is the framework in which the various parts are mounted.

shaft A, and carries a chain or steel blade B,

lying around it, which is fastened with its other end to the copping-rail WV. By turning the shaft A the chain or steel blade 13 is wound upon the disk R, and the copping-rail is thus raised above the spindles.

The means for turning the shaft A to lift the winders above the spindles are not shown in the drawings, and maybe supplied by any one skilled in the art. It is to be understood, however, that such means are independent of the mechanism for the spinning-motion.

In the ordinary spinning-m otion the rail W, which is suspended from the steel blades, may be alternately raised and lowered over the spindles by an oscillating motion of shaft A, and when the rail W is to be raised to the highest point the mechanism for imparting the oscillating motion is disconnected and the shaft A rotated in one direction.

By shifting the driving-belt T from the fast driving-pulley onto the loose pulley T beside it the spinning-motion is stopped and the winding-on mechanism is engaged. The loose pulley T has secured to it aworm 2, which is in gear with a worm-wheel 3, communicating motion through an intermediate shaft at and a second worm 5 to the worm-wheel 6. The shaft 7 of the said worm-wheel carries two other wheels 8 and 9 of the same size and lying side by side, one of them gearing into a large wheel 10, connected with the cams 11 and 12. The other of the said two wheelsimparts motion to the wheel 13, and thence toawheel 14:, which is loose 011 the shaft Z, and carries a pawl 30, catching into a ratchet-wheel 15, fixed on the shaft Z, which carries the drums for driving the spindles S. A slow motion is thus communicated to the spindles. The two cams 11 and 12 act upon the elbow-levers 16 and 17, providedwith segmental racks gearing with the wheels 24; and 25,which are fixed to the shafts 18 and 19. The shaft 18 carries levers 20, which at their outer ends hold the taller-wire 22. The shaft 19 carries jointed levers 21, consisting of two arms movably joined by a pivot 26, the upper arm of which rests on a set-screw27 and carries at its outer end the faller-wire 23. By the revolution of the cams 11 and 12 the levers 20 and 21 are caused to alter their position. The upper arm of the levers 21 comes into contact with a slide-roll 28 in its downward movement, whereby it is lifted off the set-screw 27, the faller-wire 23 being thus caused to move in a direction different from a circle.

. The positions are altered in the following way: The wire 22 leaves its position 22,

(shown in dotted lines,) going in upward direction until it stops above the spindle-tip, (see 22.) The wire 23 leaves its position 23,

(shown in dotted lines,) going downward, passing by and over the wire 22 to assume the position 23. By this movement the wire 23 causes a certain'length of thread to be drawn off from the cop K over the wire 22, corresponding to the length of its movement. Now the lever 20, with the wire 22, is descending, returning to its original position, (shown in dotted lines.) At the same time the lever 21, with'the wire 23, is going in a path differing from the arc of a circle still lower to position 23 and back again, while the thread is being slowly wound onto the spindle below the full cop at the point 29. The wire 23 is then going upward to its original position 23, and the cops are ready for dofting. After doffing the coppin g-rail,witl1 the winders, is to be lowered again for spinning the new cop. The disengaging of the winding-on mechanism may be effected independently of the loose pulley T, if the worm-carrying shaft 4 be mounted on a bracket having its fulcrum on or around the shaft Z, so that by turning the said bracket around its fulcrum the worm 5, secured to shaft 4, may be brought out of gear, thus interrupting the communication of motion.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new is 1. The combination, with a spindle and the rail, of awinder composed of a thread-guide L, arm L, and guide-piece L held on the coppin grail and embracing the spindle above the cop, so as to be in frictional contact with the spindle, the spindle being made a length to reach above the full cop a distance corresponding to the length of the winder, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with a spindle, of a winder composed of thread-guide L, arm L, and guiding-piece L having the form of a socket, and an intermediate sleeve L upon which the said socket is seated, and means for rotating said sleeve with and traversing it over the spindle above the cop, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with the spindle and the copping-rail, of a winder rotated by the strain of the thread and by friction from the spindle, composed of a thread-guide L, an arm L, and friction-socket L being provided with a slotted flange B, seated on the copping-rail, the spindle protruding through an opening in the copping-rail, and the latter having an outlet to allow the thread to enter from without into the slot of the flange B, so as to pass round the spindle, substantially as described.

4. The combination of a spindle, the copping-rail, and a winder having its bearing located above the cop and being rotated by the strain of the thread and by friction from the spindle, the said winder being composed of a thread-guide L, arm L, and frictionsocket L with a flange B, a brake-spring O,

pressing upon said flange, and means for adjusting the spring for regulating the tension of the thread, substantially as described.

5. The combination, with aspindle, the copping-rail, and the winder embracing; the spin dle above the cop or bobbin and connected to the copping-rail, of means, substantially as described, for elevatingthe copping-rail above the spindle for lifting the Winders off the spindles, substantially as described.

6. The combination, with the spindles, the copping-rail, and the Winders embracing the spindles above the cop, of a set of fELHGF-WilQS, supports for the same, and actuating devices for moving them for drawing a certain supply of yarn off from the full oops or bobbins preparatory L0 winding the same onto the spindles below the cops or bobbins to start with, and means for imparting a slow rotation to the spindles, substantially as described.

ERNST GESSNER.

WVitn esses:

ALFRED NOEGOLD, ERNST GEssNER, J 1-. 

